What are Antibody Therapies?

Antibody therapies augment the naturally occurring antibodies in our immune system that help the immune system recognize infections.3 Antibodies have been developed to help identify and attack malignant cells in multiple myeloma, and in other cancers. Multiple novel combinations of antibody therapeutics are now available for the management of multiple myeloma. These include1,4-6:

  • Signaling lymphocyte activation molecular family 7 (SLAMF7) antibodies
  • Anti-CD38 antibodies
  • B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted antibody-drug conjugates

In addition to these therapies, multiple other therapies are now in development called bispecific antibodies. These antibodies can help bring together T cells, which are immune cells involved in targeting and destroying cancer cells, and specific receptors on cancer cells. In this way, bispecific antibodies can help the immune system recognize and destroy cancer. One target on cancer cells in multiple myeloma is known as B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). With approval secured for one bispecific antibody, teclistamab, additional bispecific antibodies targeting BCMA are in active development for multiple myeloma, including7,8:

  • Linvoseltamab (REGN5458)
  • Alnuctamab (CC-93269)
  • Elranatamab (PF-06863135)

If you have already received multiple earlier lines of therapy, discussing these therapies with your physician might give rise to consideration of clinical trial opportunities in developing lines of therapy.8

One key target on cancer cells in multiple myeloma is BCMA, which is generally expressed to a greater degree on abnormal plasma cells than normal plasma cells.4 Several bispecific antibodies targeting BCMA have been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma, including elranatamab and teclistamab. Other bispecific antibodies targeting BCMA are in active development for multiple myeloma, including:5-10

  • Linvoseltamab (phase 3)
  • ABBV-383 (phase 3)
  • REGN 5459 (phase 1/2)
  • EMB-06 (phase 1/2)

While multiple antibody therapies have been incorporated in the National Comprehensive Cancer Institute (NCCN) guidelines for the treatment of multiple myeloma, these guidelines also support enrollment in clinical trials of new therapies. Discussing therapies in development for multiple myeloma with your physician might give rise to consideration of clinical trial opportunities in developing lines of therapy.11

References

  1. American Cancer Society. Drug Therapy for Multiple Myeloma. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/multiple-myeloma/treating/chemotherapy.html
  2. D’Agostino M, Innorcia S, Boccadoro M, Bringhen S. monoclonal antibodies to treat multiple myeloma: A dream come true. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:8192.
  3. Lin CHT, Tarig MJ, Ullah F, et al. Current novel targeted therapeutic strategies in multiple myeloma. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25:6192.
  4. Cho SF, Anderson KC, Tai YT. Targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) in multiple myeloma: Potential uses of BCMA-based immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1821.
  5. A Trial to Learn How Well Linvoseltamab Works Compared to the Combination of Elotuzumab, Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Adult Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (LINKER-MM3). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05730036. Last updated August 13, 2024. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05730036
  6. Bumma N, Richter J, Jagannath S, et al. Linvoseltamab for treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42:2702-2712.
  7. First In Human (FIH) Study of REGN5459 in Adult Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04083534. Last updated: July 10, 2023. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04083534
  8. Suvannasankha A, Kapoor P, Pianko MJ, et al. Safety and efficacy from the phase 1/2 first-in-human study of REGN5459, a BCMAxCD3 bispecific antibody with low CD3 affinity, in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Cancer Res. 2023;83(8_suppl):CT013.
  9. Study Assessing Activity of Intravenous (IV) ABBV-383 Monotherapy Versus Standard Available Therapies in Adult Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT Last updated: August 29, 2024. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06158841
  10. A Ph1/2 Study of EMB-06 in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Myeloma. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04735575. Last updated September 23, 2023. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04735575
  11. National Comprehensive Cancer Network®. NCCN Guidelines for Patients. Multiple Myeloma, 2023. https://www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/content/PDF/myeloma-patient.pdf
All URLs accessed August 20, 2024

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